| Let's look at the sentence pattern. |
| Do you remember how the character said, |
| "I have a headache and also a stomachache." |
| ผมปวดหัวแล้วก็ปวดท้องด้วยครับ (phǒm bpùuat hǔua. láew gâaw bpùuat tháawng dûuai khráp.) |
| ผมปวดหัวแล้วก็ปวดท้องด้วยครับ (phǒm bpùuat hǔua. láew gâaw bpùuat tháawng dûuai khráp.) |
| This sentence follows the pattern here: |
| Subject + ปวด + (body part) + ค่ะ/ครับ |
| Subject + bpùuat + (body part) + khâ/khráp |
| "My (body part) hurts." |
| ปวด (bpùuat) means "to hurt" or "to ache" and is used for internal or throbbing pain in a specific area. It's not used for surface pain — for that, you would use เจ็บ (jèp). |
| Begin with the subject, add ปวด, then the body part. |
| At the end, use the polite particle ค่ะ (khâ) if you're female, or ครับ (khráp) if you're male. |
| A common mistake: Don't say มีหัวปวด — it's incorrect. Always say ปวดหัว. |
| Let's see how the line from the dialogue uses the pattern. |
| ผมปวดหัวแล้วก็ปวดท้องด้วยครับ (phǒm bpùuat hǔua. láew gâaw bpùuat tháawng dûuai khráp.) |
| "I have a headache and also a stomachache." |
| Let's break it down: |
| ผม (phǒm) is the pronoun meaning "I," used by male speakers, |
| followed by ปวด (bpùuat), meaning "to hurt," |
| next หัว (hǔa), meaning "head"—so ปวดหัว means "headache." |
| Then comes แล้วก็ (láew gâaw), which means "and also," |
| followed again by ปวด (bpùuat) and ท้อง (tháawng), meaning "stomach," |
| so ปวดท้อง means "stomachache." |
| ด้วย (dûuai) means "too" or "also," showing that there is more than one symptom, |
| and ครับ (khráp) is the polite ending for male speakers. |
| So, this line uses the pattern twice—once for the head and once for the stomach—to describe two areas of pain. It's a very natural way to explain more than one health problem in Thai. |
| Let's look at another useful sentence pattern. |
| Subject + มี + (symptom) + ค่ะ/ครับ |
| Subject + mii + (symptom) + khâ/khráp |
| "I have (symptom)." |
| มี (mii) means "to have," and is used to say you have a certain condition or symptom. |
| In the dialogue, we heard it in a question: |
| คุณมีไข้ไหมคะ |
| (khun mii khâi mǎi khá?) |
| "Do you have a fever?" |
| Let's break it down: |
| คุณ (khun) means "you," |
| followed by มี (mii), meaning "to have," |
| next is ไข้ (khâi), meaning "fever"—so มีไข้ means "have a fever," |
| next comes ไหม (mǎi), which turns the sentence into a yes–no question, |
| and finally, คะ (khá) is the polite question particle for female speakers. |
| So this question is asking politely, "Do you have a fever?" using the same pattern but turning it into a question with ไหม. |
| Let's review the difference between the two essential patterns for talking about health problems in Thai. |
| The first pattern is ปวด + [body part], which you use when you feel an internal ache or pain in a specific area. |
| For example, ปวดหัว (bpùuat hǔua) means "headache," and ปวดหลัง (bpùuat lǎng) means "back pain." |
| The second pattern is มี + [symptom], which means "to have" a symptom. |
| You'll hear this in phrases like มีไข้ (mii khâi) for "I have a fever," or มีน้ำมูกไหล (mii nám-mûuk-lăi) for "I have a runny nose." |
| Both patterns are simple and useful ways to describe how you're feeling when you're sick or in pain. |
| Now let's look at some speaking examples. |
| ผมปวดหลังครับ (phŏm bpùuat lăng khráp) |
| "My back hurts." |
| Can you see how the pattern applies here? |
| Let's break it down: |
| ผม (phŏm) is the pronoun meaning "I," used by male speakers. |
| This is followed by ปวด (bpùuat), a verb meaning "to hurt" or "to ache." |
| Next comes หลัง (lăng), which means "back." |
| Finally, ครับ (khráp) is the polite particle used by male speakers. |
| The whole sentence follows the structure: Subject + ปวด + (body part) + ค่ะ/ครับ, which is used to say that a specific part of your body hurts in a simple and natural way. |
| Here's another example |
| ดิฉันมีไข้ต่ำๆค่ะ (dì-chăn mii khâi dtàm-dtàm khâ) |
| "I have a low fever." |
| ดิฉันมีไข้ต่ำๆค่ะ (dì-chăn mii khâi dtàm-dtàm khâ) |
| "I have a low fever." |
| Let's try one more, |
| ดิฉันปวดเท้าค่ะ (dì-chăn bpùuat tháao khâ) |
| "My foot hurts." |
| ดิฉันปวดเท้าค่ะ (dì-chăn bpùuat tháao khâ) |
| "My foot hurts." |
| Now you know how to talk about common health problems in Thai using two simple patterns. |
| ...and now let's move on to the practice. |
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