Learn how to use ที่ to make descriptive statements in the form of "that which"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Pim: Hi, my name is Pim, and I am joined here by Ryan. |
| Ryan: Hello, everyone and welcome back to ThaiPod101.com |
| Pim: What are we learning today? |
| Ryan: In this lesson you'll will learn how to use ที่ (thîi) to make descriptive statements in the form of "that which". |
| Pim: This conversation takes place in the car on the way from the airport to James's new host family's house. |
| Ryan: The conversation is between James and his host parents. |
| Pim: The speakers have newly met each other, therefore the they will be speaking polite Thai. |
| DIALOGUE |
| (รถติดที่สี่แยกไฟแดง) |
| เจมส์: คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ (jeem: khon thîi sài chút sǐi-nám-dtaan khuue khrai khráp.) |
| คุณพ่อ: (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ (khun phâaw: âaw...khǎo bpen dtam-rùuat nâ khráp.) |
| เจมส์: แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ (jeem: láaeo dèk phûu-chaai khon nán thîi sài phâa sǐi-sôm bpen phrá-sǒng châi mǎi khráp.) |
| คุณพ่อ: ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ (khun phâaw: mâi châi khráp. nân neen khráp.) |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| คุณแม่: ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ (khun mâae: thǔeng bâan láaeo khâ.) |
| เจมส์: หลังไหนครับ (jeem: lǎng nǎi khráp.) |
| คุณแม่: บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ (khun mâae: bâan thîi mii dtôn-phài khâ.) |
| Ryan: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| (รถติดที่สี่แยกไฟแดง) |
| เจมส์: คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ (jeem: khon thîi sài chút sǐi-nám-dtaan khuue khrai khráp.) |
| คุณพ่อ: (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ (khun phâaw: âaw...khǎo bpen dtam-rùuat nâ khráp.) |
| เจมส์: แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ (jeem: láaeo dèk phûu-chaai khon nán thîi sài phâa sǐi-sôm bpen phrá-sǒng châi mǎi khráp.) |
| คุณพ่อ: ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ (khun phâaw: mâi châi khráp. nân neen khráp.) |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| คุณแม่: ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ (khun mâae: thǔeng bâan láaeo khâ.) |
| เจมส์: หลังไหนครับ (jeem: lǎng nǎi khráp.) |
| คุณแม่: บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ (khun mâae: bâan thîi mii dtôn-phài khâ.) |
| Ryan: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| (รถติดที่สี่แยกไฟแดง) |
| (the car is stopped in traffic at a red light) |
| เจมส์: คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ (jeem: khon thîi sài chút sǐi-nám-dtaan khuue khrai khráp.) |
| James: Who is the person wearing a brown outfit? |
| คุณพ่อ: (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ (khun phâaw: âaw...khǎo bpen dtam-rùuat nâ khráp.) |
| Father: (laughing) Oh...he's a police officer. |
| เจมส์: แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ (jeem: láaeo dèk phûu-chaai khon nán thîi sài phâa sǐi-sôm bpen phrá-sǒng châi mǎi khráp.) |
| James: And that boy wearing orange cloth is a monk, right? |
| คุณพ่อ: ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ (khun phâaw: mâi châi khráp. nân neen khráp.) |
| Father: No. That's a novice monk. |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| (sound of car stopping) |
| คุณแม่: ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ (khun mâae: thǔeng bâan láaeo khâ.) |
| Mother: We're home. |
| เจมส์: หลังไหนครับ (jeem: lǎng nǎi khráp.) |
| James: Which house is it? |
| คุณแม่: บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ (khun mâae: bâan thîi mii dtôn-phài khâ.) |
| Mother: It's the house with the bamboo. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Ryan: I think a lot of our listeners might have seen pictures of young novice monks from Thailand. |
| Pim: Yes. They’re a popular subject for postcards because the little boys look so cute with their shaved heads. |
| Ryan: So what makes a novice monk different from a regular monk. Is it just their age? |
| Pim: Actually it’s possible for adults to be novice monks as well. The difference is not really their age, but how many rules they keep. Novice monks are called “neen” in Thai, and they keep 10 precepts. |
| Ryan: So I guess the regular monks must keep a lot more rules, like 20 or 30 rules. |
| Pim: Oh, many more than that. Fully ordained monks are called “phra-song” in Thai. They keep 227 precepts. |
| Ryan: Wow that’s a lot of rules to keep track of! I don’t think I’ll be signing up anytime soon. OK on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Ryan: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Pim: ที่ (thîi) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: at, in, to, that, which, place |
| Pim: ที่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ที่ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ใส่ (sài) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: to put in, to wear |
| Pim: ใส่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ใส่ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: สีน้ำตาล (sǐi-nám-dtaan) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: brown |
| Pim: สีน้ำตาล [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: สีน้ำตาล [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ตำรวจ (dtam-rùuat) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: police, policeman |
| Pim: ตำรวจ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ตำรวจ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: เด็กผู้ชาย (dèk-phûu-chaai) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: boy |
| Pim: เด็กผู้ชาย [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: เด็กผู้ชาย [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: สีส้ม (sǐi-sôm) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: orange (color) |
| Pim: สีส้ม [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: สีส้ม [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: พระสงฆ์ (phrá sŏng) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: Buddhist monk |
| Pim: พระสงฆ์ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: พระสงฆ์ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: เณร (neen) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: novice monk |
| Pim: เณร [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: เณร [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: บ้าน (bâan) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: home, house |
| Pim: บ้าน [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: บ้าน [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ต้นไผ่ (dtôn-phài) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: bamboo |
| Pim: ต้นไผ่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ต้นไผ่ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Ryan: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Pim: คนที่ใส่ (khon thîi sài) |
| Ryan: “The person who is wearing...” |
| Pim: ที่ (thîi) in this phrase means “that which”. The verb “to wear” is ใส่ (sài). And we know khon means person. So คนที่ใส่ (khon thîi sài) means “the person who is wearing...”. |
| Ryan: So to make the statement complete we need to put a word after it to say something that they are wearing. How about a “hat”, which in Thai is หมวก (mùuak). Khru Pim, how would we say “The person wearing the hat”? |
| Pim: คนที่ใส่หมวก (khon thîi sài mùuak) |
| Ryan: We’ll go into more detail about this use of the word thîi in the grammar section. What’s the next phrase we want to look at? |
| Pim: ...คนนั้น (khon nán) |
| Ryan: “That person” |
| Pim: The classifier for people is คน (khon). So it needs to be used whenever we want to use the adjectives “this” or “that” in reference to any people. |
| Ryan: Right. Now this is one difference between Thai and English. In English, we can just say “this police officer”. But in when you think in Thai it has to be constructed like “police officer this person” because police officers are people. So khru Pim, how do we say “this police officer” ? |
| Pim: ตำรวจคนนี้ (dtam-rùuat khon níi). |
| If you want to talk about a different kind of person, you just change the first word, but you keep the part meaning “this person,” คนนี้ (khon níi). So if I said that “boy” is เด็กผู้ชาย (dèk-phûu-chaai), how would you say “this boy”? |
| Ryan: Would it be เด็กผู้ชายคนนี้ (dèk phûu-chaai khon níi). |
| Pim: That’s right. |
| Ryan: and the last phrase we’ll look at is... |
| Pim: บ้านหลังไหน (bâan lǎng nǎi) |
| Ryan: “which house?” The classifier for houses is หลัง (lǎng). So in order to ask “which house” we need to attach the question word ไหน (nǎi) to the classifier to make หลังไหน (lǎng nǎi), “which house” or “which building”. As you can see classifiers get used a lot in Thai. |
| OK, let’s move on to the grammar section. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Ryan: The focus of today's grammar is making phrases using “that which”. |
| Pim: The word ที่ (thîi) is used very often with the meaning “that which” or “that”. It is placed after the noun and before the phrase used to describe the noun. For example |
| คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดง (khon thîi sài mùuak sǐi-daaeng) |
| Ryan: “The person that is wearing a red hat”. How about an example with some inanimate object? |
| Pim: Ok, how about this phrase |
| Ryan: “food that is delicious”. |
| Pim: aa-hǎan is the noun “food” and à-ràwy describes the food as “delicious”. |
| Ryan: OK, so we have “food that’s delicious”, but it’s not a complete thought. Can you give us an example of how this can fit into a full sentence. |
| Pim: Sure. ดิฉันอยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan: “I want to eat food that’s delicious”. Well that seems obvious enough. Can I make the opposite statement by adding mâi to make the sentence negative? |
| Pim: Yes, you can. Of course it would make more sense if you used mâi twice. Once to make the verb “to want” negative and once to make the adjective “delicious” negative. |
| Ryan: Ok, let me try. ผมไม่อยากกินอาหารที่ไม่อร่อย |
| Pim: Very good. “I don’t want to eat food that’s not delicious.” |
| Ryan: Hey khru Pim, I just thought of a great sentence to help us practice using the word thîi. |
| Pim: What’s that? |
| Ryan: Can you give us the Thai for “The person wearing the red hat wants to eat food that’s delicious.”? |
| Pim: คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดงยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan: Once again, this time listeners, repeat the sentence after khru Pim. |
| Pim: คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดงยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan: This use of the the word ที่ (thîi) is also how ordinal numbers get constructed, isn’t that right? |
| Pim: That’s right. For example, to say “the 3rd police officer” in Thai is literally “police officer the person that is three” or ตำรวจคนที่สาม (dtam-rùuat khon thîi sǎam). |
| Ryan: So to say “the first” it’s literally “that is one” |
| Pim: thîi nùeng |
| Ryan: And to say “the second” it’s “that is two” |
| Pim: thîi sǎawng. |
| And this pattern keeps going with all the numbers. |
| Ryan: Even up to a million? |
| Pim: Even past a million! |
| Ryan: What are the Thai words for customer and million? |
| Pim: “lûuk kháa” is “customer”. “láan” is “million”. |
| Ryan: OK listeners. Can you guess how to say “the millionth customer”. |
| (pause) |
| Khru Pim, the answer is... |
| Pim: ลูกค้าคนที่ล้าน |
| Ryan: I hope I’ll be lucky and get to use this phrase some day, maybe I’ll win a prize. |
Outro |
| Ryan: That just about does it for today. |
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| Ryan: See you next time! |
| Pim: แล้วพบกันใหม่ค่ะ (láaeo phóp gan mài khâ) |
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