Learn how to use ที่ to make descriptive statements in the form of "that which"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Pim Hi, my name is Pim, and I am joined here by Ryan. |
| Ryan Hello, everyone and welcome back to ThaiPOD101.com |
| Pim What are we learning today? |
| Ryan In this lesson you'll will learn how to use ที่ thîi to make descriptive statements in the form of "that which". |
| Pim This conversation takes place in the car on the way from the airport to James's new host family's house. |
| Ryan The conversation is between James and his host parents. |
| Pim The speakers have newly met each other, therefore the they will be speaking polite Thai. |
| DIALOGUE |
| เจมส์ คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ |
| คุณพ่อ (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ |
| เจมส์ แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ |
| คุณพ่อ ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| คุณแม่ ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ |
| เจมส์ หลังไหนครับ |
| คุณแม่ บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| เจมส์ คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ |
| คุณพ่อ (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ |
| เจมส์ แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ |
| คุณพ่อ ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| คุณแม่ ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ |
| เจมส์ หลังไหนครับ |
| คุณแม่ บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| (รถติดที่สี่แยกไฟแดง) |
| Ryan(the car is stopped in traffic at a red light) |
| เจมส์ คนที่ใส่ชุดสีน้ำตาลคือใครครับ |
| Ryan Who is the person wearing a brown outfit? |
| คุณพ่อ (หัวเราะ) อ้อ...เขาเป็นตำรวจน่ะครับ |
| Ryan (laughing) Oh...he's a police officer. |
| เจมส์ แล้วเด็กผู้ชายคนนั้นที่ใส่ผ้าสีส้มเป็นพระสงฆ์ใช่ไหมครับ |
| Ryan And that boy wearing orange cloth is a monk, right? |
| คุณพ่อ ไม่ใช่ครับ นั่นเณรครับ |
| Ryan No. That's a novice monk. |
| (เสียงจอดรถ) |
| Ryan(sound of car stopping) |
| คุณแม่ ถึงบ้านแล้วค่ะ |
| Ryan We're home. |
| เจมส์ หลังไหนครับ |
| Ryan Which house is it? |
| คุณแม่ บ้านที่มีต้นไผ่ค่ะ |
| Ryan It's the house with the bamboo. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Ryan I think a lot of our listeners might have seen pictures of young novice monks from Thailand. |
| Pim Yes. They’re a popular subject for postcards because the little boys look so cute with their shaved heads. |
| Ryan So what makes a novice monk different from a regular monk. Is it just their age? |
| Pim Actually it’s possible for adults to be novice monks as well. The difference is not really their age, but how many rules they keep. Novice monks are called “neen” in Thai, and they keep 10 precepts. |
| Ryan So I guess the regular monks must keep a lot more rules, like 20 or 30 rules. |
| Pim Oh, many more than that. Fully ordained monks are called “phra-song” in Thai. They keep 227 precepts. |
| Ryan Wow that’s a lot of rules to keep track of! I don’t think I’ll be signing up anytime soon. OK on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Ryan Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Pim ที่ [natural native speed] |
| Ryan at, in, to, that, which, place |
| Pim ที่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim ที่ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim ใส่ [natural native speed] |
| Ryan to put in, to wear |
| Pim ใส่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim ใส่ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim สีน้ำตาล [natural native speed] |
| Ryan brown |
| Pim สีน้ำตาล [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim สีน้ำตาล [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim ตำรวจ [natural native speed] |
| Ryan police, policeman |
| Pim ตำรวจ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim ตำรวจ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim เด็กผู้ชาย [natural native speed] |
| Ryan boy |
| Pim เด็กผู้ชาย [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim เด็กผู้ชาย [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim สีส้ม [natural native speed] |
| Ryan orange (color) |
| Pim สีส้ม [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim สีส้ม [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim พระสงฆ์ [natural native speed] |
| Ryan Buddhist monk |
| Pim พระสงฆ์ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim พระสงฆ์ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim เณร [natural native speed] |
| Ryan novice monk |
| Pim เณร [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim เณร [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim บ้าน [natural native speed] |
| Ryan home, house |
| Pim บ้าน [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim บ้าน [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim ต้นไผ่ [natural native speed] |
| Ryan bamboo |
| Pim ต้นไผ่ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim ต้นไผ่ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Ryan Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Pim คนที่ใส่ khon thîi sài |
| Ryan “The person who is wearing...” |
| Pim ที่ thîi in this phrase means “that which”. The verb “to wear” is ใส่ sài. And we know khon means person. So คนที่ใส่ khon thîi sài means “the person who is wearing...”. |
| Ryan So to make the statement complete we need to put a word after it to say something that they are wearing. How about a “hat”, which in Thai is หมวก. Khru Pim, how would we say “The person wearing the hat”? |
| Pim คนที่ใส่หมวก |
| Ryan We’ll go into more detail about this use of the word thîi in the grammar section. What’s the next phrase we want to look at? |
| Pim ...คนนั้น ... khon nán |
| Ryan “That person” |
| Pim The classifier for people is คน khon. So it needs to be used whenever we want to use the adjectives “this” or “that” in reference to any people. |
| Ryan Right. Now this is one difference between Thai and English. In English, we can just say “this police officer”. But in when you think in Thai it has to be constructed like “police officer this person” because police officers are people. So khru Pim, how do we say “this police officer” ? |
| Pim ตำรวจคนนี้ dtam-rùuat khon níi. |
| If you want to talk about a different kind of person, you just change the first word, but you keep the part meaning “this person” (คนนี้ ). So if I said that “boy” is เด็กผู้ชาย, how would you say “this boy”? |
| Ryan Would it be เด็กผู้ชายคนนี้ dèk phûu-chaai khon níi. |
| Pim That’s right. |
| Ryan and the last phrase we’ll look at is... |
| Pim บ้านหลังไหน bâan lǎng nǎi |
| Ryan “which house?” The classifier for houses is หลัง lǎng. So in order to ask “which house” we need to attach the question word ไหน to the classifier to make หลังไหน lǎng nǎi, “which house” or “which building”. As you can see classifiers get used a lot in Thai. |
| OK, let’s move on to the grammar section. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Ryan The focus of today's grammar is making phrases using “that which”. |
| Pim The word ที่ thîi is used very often with the meaning “that which” or “that”. It is placed after the noun and before the phrase used to describe the noun. For example |
| คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดง khon thîi sài mùuak sǐi-daaeng |
| Ryan “The person that is wearing a red hat”. How about an example with some inanimate object? |
| Pim Ok, how about this phrase |
| Ryan “food that is delicious”. |
| Pim aa-hǎan is the noun “food” and à-ràwy describes the food as “delicious”. |
| Ryan OK, so we have “food that’s delicious”, but it’s not a complete thought. Can you give us an example of how this can fit into a full sentence. |
| Pim Sure. ดิฉันอยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan “I want to eat food that’s delicious”. Well that seems obvious enough. Can I make the opposite statement by adding mâi to make the sentence negative? |
| Pim Yes, you can. Of course it would make more sense if you used mâi twice. Once to make the verb “to want” negative and once to make the adjective “delicious” negative. |
| Ryan Ok, let me try. ผมไม่อยากกินอาหารที่ไม่อร่อย |
| Pim Very good. “I don’t want to eat food that’s not delicious.” |
| Ryan Hey khru Pim, I just thought of a great sentence to help us practice using the word thîi. |
| Pim What’s that? |
| Ryan Can you give us the Thai for “The person wearing the red hat wants to eat food that’s delicious.”? |
| Pim คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดงยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan Once again, this time listeners, repeat the sentence after khru Pim. |
| Pim คนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดงยากกินอาหารที่อร่อย |
| Ryan This use of the the word ที่ thîi is also how ordinal numbers get constructed, isn’t that right? |
| Pim That’s right. For example, to say “the 3rd police officer” in Thai is literally “police officer the person that is three” or ตำรวจคนที่สาม dtam-rùuat khon thîi sǎam . |
| Ryan So to say “the first” it’s literally “that is one” |
| Pim thîi nùeng |
| Ryan And to say “the second” it’s “that is two” |
| Pim thîi sǎawng. |
| And this pattern keeps going with all the numbers. |
| Ryan Even up to a million? |
| Pim Even past a million! |
| Ryan What are the Thai words for customer and million? |
| Pim “lûuk kháa” is “customer”. “láan” is “million”. |
| Ryan OK listeners. Can you guess how to say “the millionth customer”. |
| (pause) |
| Khru Pim, the answer is... |
| Pim ลูกค้าคนที่ล้าน |
| Ryan I hope I’ll be lucky and get to use this phrase some day, maybe I’ll win a prize. |
Outro |
| Ryan That just about does it for today. |
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| Pim แล้วพบกันใหม่ค่ะ |
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